Ngokubandakanywa kwe-EU kushishino lwaselwandle kwiNkqubo yoRhwebo ye-Emissions (EU ETS), i-Maersk yapapasha inqaku kwiwebhusayithi yayo esemthethweni ngoJulayi 12, kunye nengcaciso yamva nje yoku, ngethemba lokunceda abathengi bayo baqonde ngcono uphuhliso lwamva nje kwi-EU- umthetho onxulumeneyo .#Impahla yekomityi yephepha ekrwada

IPalamente yaseYurophu ipasisa imithetho emithathu eyilwayo ephambili ebandakanya i-EU ETSOn 22 Juni 2022, iPalamente yaseYurophu isigqeba ivotele ukuba yamkele imithetho emithathu eyilwayo yemozulu (Fit for 55) ecetywayo yiKhomishini yaseYurophu ngoJulayi 14, 2021 Izikhundla zoyilo oluyilwayo zezi: uhlaziyo lwe-EU Emissions Trading System (EU ETS), imigaqo ekusekweni kwendlela yokulungiswa komda wekhabhoni (CBAM) kunye nemigaqo yokusekwa kwengxowa-mali yemozulu yezentlalo.

Kwishishini laselwandle, uhlaziyo oluphambili lulandelayo: ishishini laselwandle liya kufakwa kwi-EU ETS ukususela ngoJanuwari 1, 2024, kungekho xesha lokutshintsha;iya kusetyenziswa kwiinqanawa ze-5000GT nangaphezulu ngaphambi kokuphela kwe-2026, kwaye iya kufakwa kwiinqanawa ze-400GT nangaphezulu ukusuka ngoJanuwari 1, 2027;Ngaphambi komhla wama-31 kuDisemba, i-2024, iKomishoni yaseYurophu kufuneka ihlole impembelelo yeegesi ze-greenhouse ngaphandle kwe-CO2, i-methane kunye ne-nitrous oxide kunye nomcimbi okhutshwa ziinqanawa ezingena kunye nokuphuma kumazibuko amazwe angamalungu e-EU kwimozulu yehlabathi, kwaye yenze izindululo zomthetho ukujongana nazo. kubo njengoko kufanelekile;Kuze kube nguDisemba 31, 2026, i-EU ETS igubungela kuphela i-50% yokukhutshwa kweenqwelomoya ngaphandle kwe-EU.# uyilo lwabalandeli bekomityi yephepha

Ukusukela nge-1 kaJanuwari 2027, i-100% yezinto ezikhutshwayo kuwo onke amacandelo eenqwelomoya ngaphakathi nangaphandle kwe-EU ziya kubandakanywa.Amazwe angewona e-EU kuphela anokunciphisa ukuya kwi-50% phantsi kweemeko ezithile, njengeendlela zexabiso lekhabhoni elilingana ne-EU ETS, amanye amazwe aphuhlileyo okanye amazwe amancinci;esebenza ngokupheleleyo kwiinqanawa ezinomgama phakathi kwamachweba e-EU kunye namachweba angewona e-EU angaphantsi Ukukhutshwa kwindawo ye-300-nautical-mile, oko kukuthi, ukukhutshwa kwale nxalenye yohambo, kufuna i-100% ye-quota;phambi koDisemba 31, 2029, kwiinqanawa zodidi lomkhenkce okanye iinqanawa ezihamba phantsi kweemeko zomkhenkce, okanye iinqanawa kuzo zombini iimeko, iinkampani zokuthumela ngenqanawa zinokuNciphisa inani lezabelo eziza kucocwa.Ukususela ngo-2030, i-100% yezinto ezikhutshwayo ezingqiniweyo ziya kuhlawulwa;“iNgxowa-mali yoLwandlekazi” iza kusekwa, kwaye ama-75% engeniso yefandesi yesabelo soshishino lwaselwandle iya kukhutshelwa kwiNgxowa-mali yoLwandlekazi, eza kusetyenziselwa kuphela inguqu yamandla kushishino lwaselwandle;ukuba isetyenziswe ngamaqumrhu ngaphandle kweenkampani ezithumela ngenqanawa Iqumrhu linoxanduva ekugqibeleni lokuthenga amafutha okanye ukusebenza kweenqanawa ngokolungiselelo lwekhontrakthi, kwaye iqumrhu liya kuba noxanduva lokuhlawula iindleko zokuzalisekisa izibophelelo zalo Myalelo ngokutsho ilungiselelo lekhontrakthi;ukuba i-IMO ithatha umlinganiselo wemarike yehlabathi, iKhomishini yaseYurophu iqwalasela ukulungelelaniswa okunokwenzeka;Hlomela ummiselo we-MRV ukugubungela i-CO2, i-methane kunye ne-nitrous oxide ekhutshwayo.#abavelisi befeni yekomityi yephepha

Ngokukodwa, iPalamente yaseYurophu yenza utshintsho olubalulekileyo kwisiphakamiso seKhomishini yaseYurophu.Okubaluleke kakhulu, ukukhutshwa kweendlela kwiindawo ezingeyiyo eye-EU zibandakanyiwe kwi-100% kune-50%.Kwisiphakamiso sokuqala, iindlela ngaphakathi kwe-EU zazibandakanyiwe nge-100%, ngelixa iindlela ezisuka kwizibuko ze-EU ukuya kumachweba angaphandle kwe-EU ziquka kuphela i-50% yokukhutshwa kuyo yonke indlela.Emva kolu hlengahlengiso, oku kuya kuba njalo kude kube ngu-2027, kodwa ukususela ngoJanuwari 1, 2027, iindlela ezibandakanya amachweba angaphandle aseYurophu nazo ziya kufakwa ngokupheleleyo kwi-EU ETS.Oku kwandisa kakhulu impembelelo ye-EU ETS ngaphandle kweYurophu.Injongo kukufuna ukunciphisa okunye ukukhutshwa kwegesi yegreenhouse, okuya kuthi ngokwendalo kube nefuthe kwiindleko zothutho njengoko iindleko zokuthobela zinyuka.Ukongeza, inguqulelo yePalamente yaseYurophu yaliphelisa ixesha lokumisa, kwaye ukusuka nge-1 kaJanuwari 2023, indlela yohlengahlengiso lomda wekhabhoni iya kusekwa ukuthintela ukukhutshwa kunye nokukhuthaza amazwe angengawo e-EU ukunciphisa ukukhutshwa kwekhabhoni.Enyanisweni, i-EU ETS isetyenziswa kumachweba anesabelo sothutho esingaphezulu kwe-60% ngaphakathi kweekhilomitha ezingama-300 ze-nautical.Oku kuthetha ukuba iindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa kumazibuko ohambo ahlangabezana nale milinganiselo nazo zinokunyuka.Ngokufanelekileyo, irhafu yekhabhoni ekuthuthweni ayiyi kusebenza kuphela kwi-carbon dioxide emissions, kodwa iya kubandakanya ukukhutshwa kwe-methane kunye ne-nitrous oxide.Nangona oku kunokuba nempembelelo encinci kwiindleko okwangoku, ithumela umqondiso obalulekileyo wokukhuthaza ukusetyenziswa kwamafutha ahlaziyekayo kwixesha elizayo.

NgoJuni 29, 2022, iBhunga leManyano yaseYurophu lamkela inguqulelo yalo yomthetho we-EU ETS.Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba nangona imibhalo esemthethweni yemithetho emithathu engentla ingagqitywanga, ukugqithiswa komthetho wePalamente yaseYurophu ngeli xesha kuthetha ukuba iPalamente ye-EU iye yaqulunqa isicatshulwa "sokuqala sokufunda" se-EU Emissions Trading System (EU). ETS) emva kohlaziyo.Ngokwenkqubo eqhelekileyo yomthetho, ngokulandelayo, iKhomishini yaseYurophu, iPalamente yaseYurophu kunye neBhunga laseYurophu liya kungena "kwiintetho ezintathu" ukufikelela kwisivumelwano kunye nokwenza umthetho usebenze.
I-Maersk ilindele ukuba irhafu yekhabhoni ye-EU (EUA) ixabisa malunga nama-90 eeuro.Ukuthathela ingqalelo ukuba inguqulelo yePalamente yaseYurophu yesindululo se-EU ETS yaphelisa ixesha lokusetyenziswa ngokwezigaba, elifuna ukuhlawulwa kwezibonelelo kwi-100% yokukhutshwa okuqinisekisiweyo kunye nokukhutshwa kwe-CO2, i-methane kunye ne-nitrous oxide, iinkampani ze-liner zabona uxanduva lokuthenga izibonelelo njengeNye. ikhulu leepesenti ukuzinikela.#ababoneleli befeni yekomityi yephepha

UMaersk uthe oku kuthetha kubathengi bakhe ukuba ukuthobela i-EU ETS kunokuba yindleko, ngoko ngokuqinisekileyo kuya kuchaphazela iindleko zokuthumela ngenqanawa.Ukungazinzi kwee-EU EUAs ezirhweba nge-EU ETS kulindeleke ukuba kunyuke njengoko umthetho ohlaziyiweyo uqala ukusebenza.Ukuqinisekisa ukwenziwa elubala okufunekayo, iMaersk iceba ukuphatha ezi ntlawulo njengeentlawulo ezibekelwe bucala ezibekelwe bucala ukusuka kwikota yokuqala ka-2023.

Ngokukodwa, ngokwezibalo zikaMaersk, kulindeleke ukuba kufakwe intlawulo eyongezelelweyo yee-euro ezili-184 kwikhonteyina nganye kwindlela esuka emantla Yurophu ukuya eUnited States, kunye nentlawulo eyongezelelweyo ye-276 ye-euro kwisikhongozeli se-reefer kwindlela enye.Iindlela ezinentlawulo eyongezelelweyo zisuka kuNxweme oluseNtshona loMzantsi Melika ukuya eYurophu, ngeentlawulo eziqikelelwa kwii-EUR ezingama-213 kunye ne-EUR 319 ngesikhongozeli ngasinye kunye ne-reefer, ngokulandelelanayo.Ukusuka kwiMpuma Ekude ukuya eYurophu, intlawulo eyongezelelweyo kulindeleke ukuba ibe yi-EUR 170 kunye ne-EUR engama-255 kwisingxobo ngasinye kunye ne-reefer, ngokulandelelanayo.Ukusuka kwiNordic ukuya kwiMpuma Ekude, intlawulo eyongezelelweyo kulindeleke ukuba ibe yi-EUR 99 kunye ne-EUR 149 ngesikhongozeli ngasinye kunye ne-reefer, ngokulandelelanayo.Ukusuka kuMbindi Mpuma ukuya kuMntla Yurophu, intlawulo eyongezelelweyo kulindeleke ukuba ibe yi-€ 106 kunye ne-€ 159 ngesitya kunye ne-reefer, ngokulandelelanayo.Uluhlu lwamaxabiso abalandeli bekomityi yephepha

Ukongeza, ukuze iPalamente yaseYurophu idlulise i-EU ETS kunye neminye imithetho emithathu eyilwayo ephambili, iBhunga leHlabathi lokuThumela iiNdawo (i-WSC) lathi emva kokuba iPalamente yaseYurophu iphumelele isiphakamiso se-EU ETS, oko kuthetha ukuba i-EU iye yaqulunqa i-EU ETS “kuqala. ukufunda” isicatshulwa.I-WSC ibiza iKhomishini yaseYurophu, iPalamente yaseYurophu kunye neBhunga laseYurophu ukuba basebenze kunye "kwiintetho ezintathu" ezilandelayo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba i-EU ETS ithumela iimpawu zemarike ezifanelekileyo zokuthunyelwa kwe-decarbonisation.Ngokukodwa, i-WSC ivakalise iinkxalabo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo.Kwelinye icala, i-WSC ikholelwa ukuba kukho ikroba kwindawo yePalamente ye-EU malunga “nesihloko soxanduva”, iphikisa ukuba umnini nqanawa akafanele akhuselwe ngokugunyazisa iikhontrakthi zokudlulisela iindleko kumqhubi, kodwa unethemba lokuba uA. Isivumelwano sokwabelana ngeendleko kuthethwathethwano phakathi komqhubi wenqanawa, umqeshi nomnini bebodwa.Kwelinye icala, i-WSC ibize iPalamente yaseYurophu ukuba ithathe indawo engxamisekileyo kwi-FuelEU Maritime, igxininisa ukuba i-FuelEU Maritime ibalulekile kubaqulunqi bemigaqo-nkqubo ye-EU ukuba bafezekise iinjongo zabo zemozulu kunye nokususa ikhabhoni kwiinqanawa.Umlandeli weKomityi yePhepha, iNdebe yePhepha ekrwada, iPe Coated Pepe Roll-Dihui (nndhpaper.com)